دستورات مرتبط با ارائه پیام و دریافت مقادیر از کاربر در VB

Miscellaneous

این دستورات به دستورات متفرقه نیز معروف هستند، ولی بسیار کاربر دارند.

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دستور نوشتاری فرمان(Syntax) به نحو زیر است:

MsgBox
Displays a message in a dialog box, waits for the user to click a button, and returns an Integer indicating which
button the user clicked.
Syntax
MsgBox(prompt[, buttons] [, title] [, helpfile, context])
The MsgBox function syntax has these named arguments:
Part Description
prompt Required. String expression displayed as the message in the dialog box. The maximum length
of prompt is approximately 1024 characters, depending on the width of the characters used. If
prompt consists of more than one line, you can separate the lines using a carriage return
character (Chr(13)), a linefeed character (Chr(10)), or carriage return – linefeed character
combination (Chr(13) & Chr(10)) between each line.
buttons Optional. Numeric expression that is the sum of values specifying the number and type of
buttons to display, the icon style to use, the identity of the default button, and the modality of
the message box. If omitted, the default value for buttons is 0.
title Optional. String expression displayed in the title bar of the dialog box. If you omit title, the
application name is placed in the title bar.
helpfile Optional. String expression that identifies the Help file to use to provide context-sensitive
Help for the dialog box. If helpfile is provided, context must also be provided.
context Optional. Numeric expression that is the Help context number assigned to the appropriate
Help topic by the Help author. If context is provided, helpfile must also be provided.
Settings
The buttons argument settings are:
Constant Value Description
vbOKOnly 0 Display OK button only.
vbOKCancel 1 Display OK and Cancel buttons.
vbAbortRetryIgnore 2 Display Abort, Retry, and Ignore buttons.
vbYesNoCancel 3 Display Yes, No, and Cancel buttons.
vbYesNo 4 Display Yes and No buttons.
vbRetryCancel 5 Display Retry and Cancel buttons.
vbCritical 16 Display Critical Message icon.
vbQuestion 32 Display Warning Query icon.
vbExclamation 48 Display Warning Message icon.
vbInformation 64 Display Information Message icon.
vbDefaultButton1 0 First button is default.
vbDefaultButton2 256 Second button is default.
vbDefaultButton3 512 Third button is default.
vbDefaultButton4 768 Fourth button is default.
vbApplicationModal 0 Application modal; the user must respond to the
message box before continuing work in the current
application.
vbSystemModal 4096 System modal; all applications are suspended until the
user responds to the message box.
vbMsgBoxHelpButton 16384 Adds Help button to the message box
VbMsgBoxSetForeground 65536 Specifies the message box window as the foreground
window
vbMsgBoxRight 524288 Text is right aligned
vbMsgBoxRtlReading 1048576 Specifies text should appear as right-to-left reading on
Hebrew and Arabic systems

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دستور نوشتاری فرمان(Syntax) به نحو زیر است:

Shell
Runs an executable program and returns a Variant (Double) representing the program's task ID if successful,
otherwise it returns zero.
Syntax
Shell(pathname[,windowstyle])
The Shell function syntax has these named arguments:
Part Description
pathname Required; Variant (String). Name of the program to execute and any required
arguments or command-line switches; may include directory or folder and drive.
windowstyle Optional. Variant (Integer) corresponding to the style of the window in which the
program is to be run. If windowstyle is omitted, the program is started minimized
with focus. On the Macintosh (System 7.0 or later), windowstyle only determines
whether or not the application gets the focus when it is run.
The windowstyle named argument has these values:
Constant Value Description
vbHide 0 Window is hidden and focus is passed to the hidden
window. The vbHide constant is not applicable on
Macintosh platforms.
vbNormalFocus 1 Window has focus and is restored to its original size and
position.
vbMinimizedFocus 2 Window is displayed as an icon with focus.
vbMaximizedFocus 3 Window is maximized with focus.
vbNormalNoFocus 4 Window is restored to its most recent size and position.
The currently active window remains active.
vbMinimizedNoFocus 6 Window is displayed as an icon. The currently active
window remains active.
Remarks
If the Shell function successfully executes the named file, it returns the task ID of the started program. The task
ID is a unique number that identifies the running program. If the Shell function can't start the named program,
an error occurs.
Example:
' Specifying 1 as the second argument opens the application in
' normal size and gives it the focus.
Dim RetVal
RetVal = Shell("C:\WINDOWS\CALC.EXE", 1) ' Run Calculator.

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دستور نوشتاری فرمان(Syntax) به نحو زیر است:

RGB
Returns a Long whole number representing an RGB color value.
Syntax
RGB(red, green, blue)
The RGB function syntax has these named arguments:
Part Description
red Required; Variant (Integer). Number in the range 0–255, inclusive, that
represents the red component of the color.
green Required; Variant (Integer). Number in the range 0–255, inclusive, that
represents the green component of the color.
blue Required; Variant (Integer). Number in the range 0–255, inclusive, that
represents the blue component of the color.
Remarks
Application methods and properties that accept a color specification expect that specification to be a number
representing an RGB color value. An RGB color value specifies the relative intensity of red, green, and blue to
cause a specific color to be displayed.
The value for any argument to RGB that exceeds 255 is assumed to be 255.
The following table lists some standard colors and the red, green, and blue values they include:
Color Red Value Green Value Blue Value
Black 0 0 0
Blue 0 0 255
Green 0 255 0
Cyan 0 255 255
Red 255 0 0
Magenta 255 0 255
Yellow 255 255 0
White 255 255 255
Example:
Dim RED, I, RGBValue, MyObject
Red = RGB(255, 0, 0) ' Return the value for Red.
I = 75 ' Initialize offset.
RGBValue = RGB(I, 64 + I, 128 + I) ' Same as RGB(75, 139, 203).
MyObject.Color = RGB(255, 0, 0) ' Set the Color property of
' MyObject to Red.

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دستور نوشتاری فرمان(Syntax) به نحو زیر است:

QBColor
Returns a Long representing the RGB color code corresponding to the specified color number.
Syntax
QBColor(color)
The required color argument is a whole number in the range 0–15.
Settings
The color argument has these settings:
Number Color Number Color
0 Black 8 Gray
1 Blue 9 Light Blue
2 Green 10 Light Green
3 Cyan 11 Light Cyan
4 Red 12 Light Red
5 Magenta 13 Light Magenta
6 Yellow 14 Light Yellow
7 White 15 Bright White
Example:
Sub ChangeBackColor (ColorCode As Integer, MyForm As Form)
MyForm.BackColor = QBColor(ColorCode)
End Sub

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دستور نوشتاری فرمان(Syntax) به نحو زیر است:

Beep
Sounds a tone through the computer's speaker.
Syntax
Beep
Remarks
The frequency and duration of the beep depend on your hardware and system software, and vary among
computers.
Example:
Dim I
For I = 1 To 3 ' Loop 3 times.
Beep ' Sound a tone.
Next I

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دستور نوشتاری فرمان(Syntax) به نحو زیر است:

InputBox
Displays a prompt in a dialog box, waits for the user to input text or click a button, and returns a String
containing the contents of the text box.
Syntax
InputBox(prompt[, title] [, default] [, xpos] [, ypos] [, helpfile, context])
The InputBox function syntax has these named arguments:
Part Description
prompt Required. String expression displayed as the message in the dialog box. The maximum
length of prompt is approximately 1024 characters, depending on the width of the
characters used. If prompt consists of more than one line, you can separate the lines using
a carriage return character (Chr(13)), a linefeed character (Chr(10)), or carriage return–
linefeed character combination (Chr(13) & Chr(10)) between each line.
title Optional. String expression displayed in the title bar of the dialog box. If you omit title,
the application name is placed in the title bar.
default Optional. String expression displayed in the text box as the default response if no other
input is provided. If you omit default, the text box is displayed empty.
xpos Optional. Numeric expression that specifies, in twips, the horizontal distance of the left
edge of the dialog box from the left edge of the screen. If xpos is omitted, the dialog box
is horizontally centered.
ypos Optional. Numeric expression that specifies, in twips, the vertical distance of the upper
edge of the dialog box from the top of the screen. If ypos is omitted, the dialog box is
vertically positioned approximately one-third of the way down the screen.
helpfile Optional. String expression that identifies the Help file to use to provide context-sensitive
Help for the dialog box. If helpfile is provided, context must also be provided.
context Optional. Numeric expression that is the Help context number assigned to the appropriate
Help topic by the Help author. If context is provided, helpfile must also be provided.
Example:
Dim Message, Title, Default, MyValue
Message = "Enter a value between 1 and 3" ' Set prompt.
Title = "InputBox Demo" ' Set title.
Default = "1" ' Set default.
' Display message, title, and default value.
MyValue = InputBox(Message, Title, Default)
' Use Helpfile and context. The Help button is added automatically.
MyValue = InputBox(Message, Title, , , , "DEMO.HLP", 10)
' Display dialog box at position 100, 100.
MyValue = InputBox(Message, Title, Default, 100, 100)

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دستور نوشتاری فرمان(Syntax) به نحو زیر است:

Load
Loads an object but doesn't show it.
Syntax
Load object
The object placeholder represents an object expression that evaluates to an object in the Applies To list.
Remarks
When an object is loaded, it is placed in memory, but isn't visible. Use the Show method to make the object
visible. Until an object is visible, a user can't interact with it. The object can be manipulated programmatically
in its Initialize event procedure.
Example:
Private Sub Command1_Click ()
Load Form2
Form2.Show
End Sub

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دستور نوشتاری فرمان(Syntax) به نحو زیر است:

UnLoad
Removes an object from memory.
Syntax
Unload object
The required object placeholder represents an object expression that evaluates to an object in the Applies To
list.
Remarks
When an object is unloaded, it's removed from memory and all memory associated with the object is reclaimed.
Until it is placed in memory again using the Load statement, a user can't interact with an object, and the object
can't be manipulated programmatically.
Example:
Private Sub Command2_Click()
Form2.Hide
Unload Form2
End Sub

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دستور نوشتاری فرمان(Syntax) به نحو زیر است:

SendKeys
Sends one or more keystrokes to the active window as if typed at the keyboard.
Syntax
SendKeys string[, wait]
The SendKeys statement syntax has these named arguments:
Part Description
string Required. String expression specifying the keystrokes to send.
Wait Optional. Boolean value specifying the wait mode. If False (default), control is returned to the
procedure immediately after the keys are sent. If True, keystrokes must be processed before
control is returned to the procedure.
Remarks
Each key is represented by one or more characters. To specify a single keyboard character, use the character
itself. For example, to represent the letter A, use "A" for string. To represent more than one character, append
each additional character to the one preceding it. To represent the letters A, B, and C, use "ABC" for string.
The plus sign (+), caret (^), percent sign (%), tilde (~), and parentheses ( ) have special meanings to SendKeys.
To specify one of these characters, enclose it within braces ({}). For example, to specify the plus sign, use {+}.
Brackets ([ ]) have no special meaning to SendKeys, but you must enclose them in braces. In other applications,
brackets do have a special meaning that may be significant when dynamic data exchange (DDE) occurs. To
specify brace characters, use {{} and {}}.
To specify characters that aren't displayed when you press a key, such as ENTER or TAB, and keys that
represent actions rather than characters, use the codes shown below:

KeyCodes
Key Code
BACKSPACE {BACKSPACE},
{BS}, or {BKSP}
BREAK {BREAK}
CAPS LOCK {CAPSLOCK}
DEL or
DELETE
{DELETE} or
{DEL}
DOWN
ARROW
{DOWN}
END {END}
ENTER {ENTER}or ~
ESC {ESC}
HELP {HELP}
HOME {HOME}
INS or
INSERT
{INSERT} or
{INS}
LEFT
ARROW
{LEFT}
NUM LOCK {NUMLOCK}
PAGE
DOWN
{PGDN}
PAGE UP {PGUP}
PRINT
SCREEN
{PRTSC}
RIGHT
ARROW
{RIGHT}
Key Code
SCROLL
LOCK
{SCROLLLOCK}
TAB {TAB}
UP ARROW {UP}
F1 {F1}
F2 {F2}
F3 {F3}
F4 {F4}
F5 {F5}
F6 {F6}
F7 {F7}
F8 {F8}
F9 {F9}
F10 {F10}
F11 {F11}
F12 {F12}
F13 {F13}
F14 {F14}
F15 {F15}
F16 {F16}
To specify keys combined with any combination of the SHIFT, CTRL, and ALT keys, precede the key
code with one or more of the following codes:
Key Code
SHIFT +
CTRL ^
ALT %
To specify that any combination of SHIFT, CTRL, and ALT should be held down while several other
keys are pressed, enclose the code for those keys in parentheses. For example, to specify to hold down
SHIFT while E and C are pressed, use "+(EC)". To specify to hold down SHIFT while E is pressed,
followed by C without SHIFT, use "+EC".
To specify repeating keys, use the form {key number}. You must put a space between key and number.
For example, {LEFT 42} means press the LEFT ARROW key 42 times; {h 10} means press H 10
times.
Example:
Command1_Click ()
Text1.SetFocus
SendKeys “{Backspace}”
End Sub
‘Deletes last character in Text1
Command1_Click ()
SendKeys "%{F4}"
End Sub
‘Closes current window/program

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دستور نوشتاری فرمان(Syntax) به نحو زیر است:

LoadPicture
Specifies the bitmap to display on an object.
Syntax
object.Picture = LoadPicture( pathname )
The Picture property syntax has these parts:
Part Description
object Required. A valid object.
pathname Required. The full path to a picture file.
Example:
Command1_Click ()
Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(C:\Blah.jpg)
End Sub
‘Loads the Picture Blah.jpg in Image1

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دستور نوشتاری فرمان(Syntax) به نحو زیر است:

AppActivate
Activates an application window.
Syntax
AppActivate title[, wait]
The AppActivate statement syntax has these named arguments:
Part Description
title Required. String expression specifying the title in the title bar of the application window you
want to activate. The task ID returned by the Shell function can be used in place of title to
activate an application.
wait Optional. Boolean value specifying whether the calling application has the focus before
activating another. If False (default), the specified application is immediately activated, even
if the calling application does not have the focus. If True, the calling application waits until
it has the focus, then activates the specified application.
Remarks
The AppActivate statement changes the focus to the named application or window but does not affect
whether it is maximized or minimized. Focus moves from the activated application window when the
user takes some action to change the focus or close the window. Use the Shell function to start an
application and set the window style.
Example:
Command1_Click ()
AppActivate "Microsoft Word" ' Activates Microsoft Word.
End Sub